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Ghaziabad ((:ɣaːziːaːbaːd̪)) is a city in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. It is sometimes referred to as the "Gateway of UP" because it is close to New Delhi, on the main route into Uttar Pradesh. It is a part of the National Capital Region of Delhi.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://ncrpb.nic.in/ncrconstituent.php )〕 It is a large and planned industrial city, well connected by roads and railways, and is the administrative headquarters of Ghaziabad District as well as being the primary commercial, industrial and educational centre of western Uttar Pradesh and a major rail junction for North India.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://ghaziabad.nic.in/court_new/history.html )〕 Recent construction works have led to the city being described by a City Mayors Foundation survey as the second fastest-growing in the world.〔Ghaziabad was first listed in early 2010 as # 420 by size. , current listings: (【引用サイトリンク】title=World's fastest growing urban areas (1) )〕 Situated in the Upper Gangetic Plains, the city has two major divisions separated by the Hindon River, namely: Trans-Hindon on the west and Cis-Hindon on the east side. It is known for its high crime rate and for being the most polluted city in Uttar Pradesh. It is the second largest industrial city in Uttar Pradesh after Kanpur. Brahmins, Jats and Tyagis have 1.2 lakh, 50,000 and 60,000 votes respectively. Gujjars have close to 90,000 votes in the constituency. Thakurs has only a little over 60,000 votes. Goel's Vaishya community has close to 2 lakh votes.〔http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/delhi/Thriller-on-the-cards-in-Rajnath-seat/articleshow/4492647.cms〕 ==History== Excavations carried out at the mound of Kaseri, at the banks of river Hindon, some 2 km north of Mohan Nagar, have shown that civilisation existed there as early as 2500 BC. Mythologically, some neighbouring towns and villages of the city including Garhmukteshwar, Pooth Village and Ahar region have been associated with the ''Mahabharata'' and the fort at Loni, is associated with the legend of Lavanasura of the Ramayana period. According to the Gazetteer, the fort, "Loni" is named after Lavanasura.〔 The city and its surrounding region have historically witnessed major wars and battles over the last many centuries. In AD 1313, the entire region including present day Ghaziabad became a huge battle field, when Taimur laid siege on the area during Muhammad bin Tughluq's reign.〔 During the Anglo- Maratha War, Sir General Lake and the Royal Maratha army fought here circa. Altama Religion was started from Ghaziabad in 1803.〔 The name "Ghaziuddinnagar" was shortened to its present form, i.e. "Ghaziabad" with the opening of the Railways in 1864.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=history1 )〕〔 Establishment of the Scientific Society here, during the same period is considered as a milestone of the educational movement launched by Sir Syed Ahmad Khan. The Ghaziabad Municipality came into existence in 1868. The Sind, Punjab and Delhi Railway, connecting Delhi and Lahore, up till Ambala through Ghaziabad was opened in the same year. With the completion of the Amritsar-Saharanpur-Ghaziabad line of the Sind, Punjab and Delhi Railway in 1870, Delhi was connected to Multan through Ghaziabad, and Ghaziabad became the junction of the East Indian Railway and Sind, Punjab and Delhi Railway. city of Ghaziabad was founded in AD 1740 by Vazir Ghazi-ud-din, who named it Ghaziuddinnagar after himself.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=http://www.nagarnigamghaziabad.com/ )〕〔〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://ghaziabad.nic.in/indexintro1.htm )〕〔 During the Mughal period, Ghaziabad and especially the banks of the Hindon in Ghaziabad, remained a picnic spot for the Mughal royal family. Ghaziabad, along with Meerut and Bulandshahr, remained one of the three Munsifis of the District, under the Meerut Civil Judgeship during most periods of the British Raj. Ghaziabad was associated with the Indian independence movement from the Indian Rebellion of 1857.〔 During that rebellion, there were fierce clashes between the British forces and Indian rebel sepoys on the banks of the Hindon, and the rebels checked the advancing British forces coming from Meerut. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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